New+Designs HEOL+Aff

1AC

**U.S. schools still face rampant segregation --- reviving __federal intervention__ is critical to reverse the trend**
Scott, 16 --- Ranking Member on the Committee on Education and the Workforce in the US House of Representatives (5/19/16, Bobby, “America's schools are still segregated by race and class. That has to end,” [], accessed on 5/8/17, JMP)

This week marks the 62nd anniversary of the landmark supreme court ruling in Brown v Board of Education... and... We must also work together to eliminate the vestiges of the pre-Brown era of public education that remain to this day.

**Failure to desegregate schools produces a segregated society and legitimizes discrimination – government action is key because of the complexity and magnitude of the problem**
Orfield et al., Professor of Education, Law, Political Science and Urban Planning at UCLA, 2016 Gary, Jongyeon Ee, postdoctoral researcher at the UCLA Civil Rights Project, Erica Frankenberg, associate professor of education and demography in the College of Education at Pennsylvania State College, Genevieve Siegel-Hawley, assistant professor at Virginia Commonwealth School of Edcation, 5/16/2016, BROWN AT 62: SCHOOL SEGREGATION BY RACE, POVERTY AND STATE, https://www.civilrightsproject.ucla.edu/research/k-12-education/integration-and-diversity/brown-at-62-school-segregation-by-race-poverty-and-state/Brown-at-62-final-corrected-2.pdf We look forward to **__the forthcoming report of a major study of these issues by the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the highly influential agency that monitors federal programs and policy for Congress... and...__** **__We need to create schools that build a society where the talent of all is developed and students of all races/ethnicities are prepared to understand and live successfully in a society that moves beyond separation toward mutual respect and integration.__**

**Education is key – it’s a central starting point to resolve multiple sources of inequality**
Ireland, PhD in English from the State University of New York at Buffalo, 2016 Corydon, 2/15/2016, The costs of inequality: Education’s the one key that rules them all, http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2016/02/the-costs-of-inequality-educations-the-one-key-that-rules-them-all/ The odds of his escaping a poverty-ridden lifestyle, despite innate intelligence and drive, were long... and... it remains an elusive goal for millions of children and teenagers.

**Government based __education reforms__ can transform society --- defeatist attitudes ensure the world stays the same**
Glaude 16 —Professor of African American Studies and Religion at Princeton and a PhD in Religion from Princeton [Eddie S., Jr., //Democracy in Black: How Race Still Enslaves//, p. 185-197]

But Goldwater failed to realize that //governmental indifference can harden hearts, and government action can create conditions that soften them// ...and ... We say, without using the word, that they are niggers. '

Plan
====Thus we propose the following plan: The United States federal government, via Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment, should substantially increase regulations on K-12 schools that receive public funding by implementing a law to address racial segregation in public education.====

**The plan is a __comprehensive mechanism__ to address racial segregation in public education --- congressional action is critical**
Epperson, 12 --- Associate Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law (Winter 2012, Lia, Harvard Law & Policy Review, “SYMPOSIUM: EDUCATION: EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY: Legislating Inclusion,” 6 Harv. L. & Pol'y Rev. 91, Lexis-Nexis Academic, JMP)

III. CURRENT JUDICIAL CONSTRAINTS AND LEGISLATIVE IMPERATIVES In its examination of Section 5 power to protect fundamental rights and suspect classes, the Court has continued to underscore Congress's substantial authority...and... //.// One of the more hopeful and substantive paths for addressing racial segregation and isolation in American schools and their attendant inequities may be in //capitalizing on Congress's significant enforcement power under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to consciously create a remedy for twenty-first century structural ills//.